I’ll break down the requirements based on PSTN connectivity and whether the employees are in the office or remote.
Connectivity to the PSTN:
- Calling plan, Operator Connect, and Teams Phone Mobile will all be grouped together as Calling Plan because all provisioning/configuration is available in Teams Admin Center (TAC)
- Direct routing – If the customer wishes to use an on-premises PSTN gateway or route calls through an existing PBX.
Until 2020, all organizations only designed and deployed an E911 system for campus users. After 2020, remote work took a significant leap, and Kari’s law was amended to support E911 for both fixed and unfixed phones. As a result, we will classify this as:
- In the office
- Remote
In the following modules, each permutation and combination of use cases based on PSTN connectivity and employee location will be discussed in greater detail.

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